Full Forms and Abbreviations Used in Biochemistry

Abbreviations in biochemistry are like shortcuts for scientists to make talking about complex stuff easier. They're like codes that help researchers understand each other quickly. Here, we'll review some important biochemistry abbreviations to help you better understand the science.

• DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid
• RNA: Ribonucleic Acid
• ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate
• NAD: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
• FAD: Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide
• CoA: Coenzyme A
• mRNA: Messenger RNA
• tRNA: Transfer RNA
• rRNA: Ribosomal RNA
• PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction
• SDS-PAGE: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
• ELISA: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
• SDS: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
• HPLC: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
• GC: Gas Chromatography
• UV: Ultraviolet
• IR: Infrared
• NMR: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
• TLC: Thin-Layer Chromatography
• MALDI-TOF: Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight
• MS: Mass Spectrometry
• EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid
• DTT: Dithiothreitol
• SDS-PAGE: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
• ADP: Adenosine Diphosphate
• GTP: Guanosine Triphosphate
• GDP: Guanosine Diphosphate
• NTP: Nucleoside Triphosphate
• ATPase: Adenosine Triphosphatase
• GDPase: Guanosine Diphosphatase
• CTP: Cytidine Triphosphate
• UTP: Uridine Triphosphate
• AMP: Adenosine Monophosphate
• GMP: Guanosine Monophosphate
• CMP: Cytidine Monophosphate
• UMP: Uridine Monophosphate
• S-adenosylmethionine: SAM
• DNAase: Deoxyribonuclease
• RNAase: Ribonuclease
• DNase: Deoxyribonuclease
• Rnase: Ribonuclease
• CDNA: Complementary DNA
• cRNA: Complementary RNA
• ORF: Open Reading Frame
• ORT: Orthogonal Ribosome Template
• ORI: Origin of Replication
• IPTG: Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside
• X-gal: 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl β-D-galactopyranoside
• TCA: Tricarboxylic Acid
• FADH2: Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide Reduced Form
• NADH: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Reduced Form
• GPCR: G Protein-Coupled Receptor
• PKA: Protein Kinase A
• PKC: Protein Kinase C
• DNA polymerase: DNA Pol
• RNA polymerase: RNA Pol
• Cyclic AMP: cAMP
• Cyclic GMP: cGMP
• NaCl: Sodium Chloride
• MgCl2: Magnesium Chloride
• KCl: Potassium Chloride
• CaCl2: Calcium Chloride
• NaOH: Sodium Hydroxide
• HCl: Hydrochloric Acid
• H2SO4: Sulfuric Acid
• NH3: Ammonia
• H2O: Water
• DMSO: Dimethyl Sulfoxide
• BSA: Bovine Serum Albumin
• PEG: Polyethylene Glycol
• DNA ligase: Lig
• RNA ligase: Rnl
• RFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
• PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction
• RT-PCR: Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
• SDS-PAGE: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

• Western blot: WB
• Northern blot: NB
• Southern blot: SB
• ChIP: Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
• EMSA: Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
• GFP: Green Fluorescent Protein
• IP: Immunoprecipitation
• IPTG: Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside
• NMR: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
• MALDI-TOF: Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight
• MS: Mass Spectrometry
• XRD: X-Ray Diffraction
• NGS: Next-Generation Sequencing
• CRISPR: Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
• CAS9: CRISPR-associated Protein 9
• siRNA: Small Interfering RNA
• shRNA: Short Hairpin RNA
• miRNA: MicroRNA
• SNP: Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism
• DNA methylation: DNAme
• Histone modification: HM
• ChIP-seq: Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing
• RNA-seq: RNA Sequencing

Conclusion

Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms, helping us understand the molecular basis of life. It explores how molecules like DNA, proteins, and metabolism function in biological systems.

These little shortcuts play a big role in advancing our knowledge of how living things work at the tiniest levels. So, in biochemistry, these full forms or abbreviations are like the keys to unlock the secrets of life.

Also read the following:

The best sample papers for ISC Class 12 Science Board exams

Making revision notes and note-making strategy

Methods of Note-Taking To Improve Efficiency

Share and subscribe to the blog by email.